这两所学校建立了合作关系，共同开发新课程。

The two schools formed a ___tie-up to develop new courses together.

道路施工导致早高峰时出现了交通堵塞。

Road construction caused a ___tie-up during the morning rush.

暴风雪导致了港口运营的全面暂停。

The snowstorm caused a complete ___tie-up of port operations.