早期的程序员需要使用穿孔机在卡片上打孔来输入数据。

Early programmers had to use a ___keypunch to input data by punching holes in cards.

在计算机发展的早期，工人们使用键控穿孔机在卡片上打孔。

In the early days of computing, workers used ___keypunch machines to create holes in cards.