After the war, the re-establishment of the city took many years.

re-establishment 是由前缀 re-（表示"重新"）加上名词 establishment（建立、机构）构成的复合名词。re- 表示重复或再次的动作，establishment 来自动词 establish（建立）。re-establishment 合起来表示"重新建立"或"重建"的过程。