政府批准了这项新药物的使用。

The government ___sanctioned the use of this new medication.

学校处罚了那些考试作弊的学生。

The school ___sanctioned the students who cheated on the exam.

学校批准了学生们举办慈善活动的请求。

The school ___sanctioned the students' request to hold a charity event.