他们开始过自给自足的生活，种植蔬菜并自制肥皂。

They started ___homesteading by growing vegetables and making soap at home.

根据政府的垦殖计划，他们需要在土地上耕作五年才能获得所有权。

Under the government program, they had to practice ___homesteading for five years to gain ownership of the land.