在这种制度下，佃农耕种地主的土地，收获后要上交一部分收成。

Under this system, farmers worked as ___sharecroppers and gave part of their harvest to the landowner.

许多农民通过分成租佃的方式耕种地主的土地来维持生计。

Many farmers make a living by ___sharecropping on the landlord's fields.