老师因为我的拼写错误扣了五分。

The teacher deducted me five points for spelling mistakes.

deducted 是动词 deduct 的过去式。deduct 由前缀 de-（表示"向下、减少"）和词根 duct（来自拉丁语 ducere，意为"引导"）组成，字面意思是"向下引导"，引申为"扣除、减去"的意思。