The committee finally gave its sanctions to the new regulation, with penalties for violators.

sanctions 是名词 sanction 的复数形式。sanction 本义是"批准、认可"，在法律语境中可引申为"制裁、处罚"的意思。这里 sanctions 指"正式批准"新规，同时隐含了"对违规行为的处罚措施"这层含义。