他宁愿淋雨也不愿撑伞，这种自虐倾向让人难以理解。

He prefers getting soaked in the rain to using an umbrella, which shows a bit of ___masochism.

某些人通过痛苦获得性快感的现象在心理学上被称为受虐倾向。

The phenomenon where some people derive sexual pleasure from ___masochism is studied in psychology.

明明知道熬夜对身体不好，他还每天坚持到凌晨两点，简直是自虐。

He keeps staying up until 2 a.m. every day despite knowing it's harmful to his health — that's pure ___masochism.