股价突然飙升，令所有投资者都感到惊讶。

The stock price ___surged suddenly, surprising all investors.

暴风雨过后，电力公司报告用电量激增。

After the storm, the power company reported a ___surge in electricity usage.

闪电导致电网出现了电流激增。

Lightning caused a ___surge in the power grid.