preparation

亚斯明协助了这篇文章的准备工作。

Yasmin assisted in the ___preparation of this article.

准备不足是球队失利的一个主要原因。

Lack of ___preparation was a major reason for the team's loss.

这位老师似乎没有为这堂课做太多准备。

The teacher didn't seem to have done much ___preparation for the class.