看到那只巨大的蜘蛛，她被吓得动弹不得。

The sight of that huge spider ___petrified her.

火山灰中的矿物质将那只昆虫石化，保存了数百万年。

The minerals in volcanic ash ___petrified the insect, preserving it for millions of years.

看到蛇时，他吓得呆若木鸡。

He was ___petrified when he saw the snake.