他的吝啬如此出名，甚至拒绝开暖气，宁愿裹着毯子发抖。

His ___parsimony was so famous that he refused to turn on the heater, preferring to shiver under blankets.

科学家们倾向于运用简约原则，选择假设最少的解释。

Scientists tend to apply ___parsimony by selecting the explanation with the least assumptions.