在古罗马时期，奴隶经常因微小过失而遭受鞭打。

In ancient Rome, slaves were often ___flagellated for minor mistakes.

老师严厉批评了抄袭作业的学生。

The teacher ___disciplined the student for copying homework.

暴风雨中，树枝像鞭子一样猛烈摆动。

The branches ___flailed violently in the storm.